Rise Of Depression Amongst Young Adults In India
The United Nations defines youth as the people between the age group of 15 to 24 years. This age group comprises 10% of the Indian population. According to the World Health Organization, depression affects over 300 million people globally, and it is predicted to be the leading cause of disability by 2030. Recent studies indicate that depression rates are increasing among young people in India with prevalence rates ranging from 31% to 57%. UNICEF also reports that one out of seven young people between the ages of 15 to 24 in India always feels depressed or has little interest in doing things. This suggests a significant prevalence of mental health challenges among this demographic, which can have serious long-term implications for their well-being and overall quality of life.
The differences in the reported prevalence and symptoms of depression in youth across studies can be partly attributed to differences in the methods used to assess depression. For example, some studies may rely on self-report measures of depression, while others may use diagnostic interviews or clinical assessments by trained professionals.
Additionally, the cultural and contextual factors that influence the experience and expression of depression can also contribute to differences in reported prevalence and symptoms. For instance, cultural norms around emotional expression, as well as social and economic stressors, may affect how depression manifests in different populations.
Despite the challenges, researchers have identified a number of factors associated with depression in Indian youth. These factors can be genetic and biological, such as family history of depression and alterations in brain chemistry and /or environmental and social factors, such as academic pressure, parental expectations, social media, changing societal norms, exposure to stress or trauma, social isolation, family conflicts and economic hardship. In addition, the stigma associated with mental health in India can prevent individuals from seeking help or treatment, exacerbating the problem.
As mentioned above, one of the major factors of depression among Indian youth is the pressure to succeed academically. Indian parents often place a great emphasis on their children's education, and there is intense competition to secure places at prestigious universities and to land high-paying jobs. This pressure can be overwhelming for young adults, leading to anxiety and depression.
Social media is another factor that is contributing to the rise of depression amongst young adults in India. Many young people spend hours each day scrolling through social media platforms, comparing themselves to others and feeling inadequate. This can lead to feelings of low self-esteem, loneliness, and depression.
Changing societal norms are also contributing to the rise of depression amongst young adults in India. As the country becomes more modern, there is a growing emphasis on individualism and personal fulfillment. However, many young people still face pressure to conform to traditional gender roles, leading to feelings of frustration and depression.
Furthermore, the Covid pandemic has exacerbated the mental health challenges faced by young people across the world, including in India. The pandemic has disrupted their routines, social connections, and education, leading to increased stress, anxiety, and depression. This can have serious implications for their future mental health and well-being if not addressed effectively.
It is important to note that depression is a serious mental health condition and should be treated as such. Anyone who is struggling with depression should seek help from a qualified mental health professional. Additionally, there needs to be more awareness and education around mental health issues in India, particularly amongst young adults. This includes greater access to mental health services and support, as well as efforts to reduce the stigma around mental illness. It is concerning to hear that only a little above 40 percent of 15 to 24-year-olds in India believe it is good to get support for mental health problems.
It is important to continue conducting research on depression in youth in order to better understand the factors and profiles associated with this condition and to develop effective prevention and remedial strategies.
It is important for governments, healthcare providers and communities to prioritise mental health and provide accessible and affordable mental health services and resources to young people. Early intervention and support can make a significant difference in improving their mental health outcomes and overall quality of life.
